\u6700\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u554f\u7b54\uff08Catechisms\uff09*\u548c\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Confessions of Faith\uff09*\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u4fe1\u689d\uff08French Confession, 1559\uff09\u3001\u8607\u683c\u862d\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Scots Confession, 1560\uff09\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Belgic Confession, 1561\uff09\u3001\u6d77\u5fb7\u5821\u554f\u7b54\uff08Heidelberg Catechism*, 1563\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u745e\u58eb\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Helvetic Confession, Second*, 1566\uff09\u3001\u82f1\u570b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4e5d\u689d\uff08Thirty-Nine Articles*, 1562, 1571\uff09\u3001\u591a\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u6559\u898f\uff08Canons of the Synod of Dort, 1619\uff09\u3001\u97cb\u65af\u654f\u65af\u5fb7\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Westminster Confession*, 1647\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u745e\u58eb\u4fe1\u689d\uff08Formula Consensus Helveticus, 1675\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u7531\u7576\u4ee3\u5c45\u9818\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u5beb\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u6148\u904b\u7406\uff08U. Zwingli\uff09*\u3001\u8607\u9ece\u4e16\u7684\u5e03\u9748\u723e\uff08H. Bullinger\uff09*\u3001\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u53ca\u528d\u6a4b\u7684\u5e03\u585e\u73e5\uff08M. Bucer\uff09*\u3001\u52a0\u723e\u6587\uff08J. Calvin\uff09*\u3001\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\u7684\u4f2f\u6492\uff08T. Beza\uff09*\u3001\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u3001\u725b\u6d25\u8207\u8607\u9ece\u4e16\u7684\u5a01\u723e\u7c73\u9769\u7acb\uff08P. M. Vermigli\uff09*\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5049\u5927\u7684\u8abf\u548c\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u6ce2\u862d\u5c3c\u65af\uff08Amandus Polanus, 1561\uff5e1610\uff09\u548c\u675c\u4ec1\u7530\uff08Francis Turretin, 1623\uff5e87\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u6b77\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u662f\u5fa9\u539f\u6559\uff08Protestantism\uff09*\u5728\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\uff08Lutheranism\uff09*\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u5225\u3002\u8d77\u521d\u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u6148\u904b\u7406\u662f\u5728\u8056\u9910\uff08Eucharist\uff09*\u4e0a\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u5230\u99ac\u723e\u5821\u5c0d\u8ac7\uff08Colloquy of Marburg, 1529\uff09\u5c31\u516c\u958b\u6c7a\u88c2\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u5408\u8cea\u8ad6\u3014consubstantiation\uff1b\u53c3\u8b8a\u8cea\u8aaa\uff08Transubstantiation\uff09*\u3015\u662f\u672c\u65bc\u4ed6\u90a3\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u5c6c\u6027\u76f8\u901a\u8ad6\u300d\u3014communicatio idiomatum\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u57fa\u7763\u795e\u4eba\u4e8c\u6027\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u4e92\u52a9\u7684\uff1b\u53c3\u57fa\u7763\u8ad6\uff08Christology\uff09*\u3015\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u4ed6\u8ad6\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u9019\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u5145\u5206\u8868\u660e\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8457\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u6216\u5206\u88c2\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u5f37\u7684\u610f\u898b\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u8aaa\uff0c\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5206\u958b\u5f8b\u6cd5\u8207\u798f\u97f3\uff08Law and Gospel\uff09*\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u7559\u4e0b\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u7a7a\u9593\uff1b\u5b83\u53c8\u6bd4\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u6551\u6069\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u8207\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u89c0\u9ede\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8207\u7f85\u99ac\u53ca\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\uff08Trinity\uff09*\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u8ad6*\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u8207\u666e\u4e16\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\uff08Dogma\uff09*\u76f8\u543b\u5408\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u80af\u5b9a\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\uff08Reformation\uff09*\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6559\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\uff08Justification\uff09*\u3001\u5426\u8a8d\u8b8a\u8cea\u8aaa*\u3001\u8056\u79ae\uff08Sacrament\uff09*\u7684\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u548c\u8056\u7d93\uff08Scripture\uff09*\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\uff08Authority\uff09*\u7b49\uff1b\u5728\u6b64\u7b49\u4e8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5c0b\u6c42\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u6559\u6703\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u679c\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u795e\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6027\u662f\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\u3002\u7576\u4eba\u56b4\u8b39\u5730\u9762\u5c0d\u795e\u5728\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u555f\u793a\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u91cd\u5fc3\u653e\u5728\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\uff0c\u53c8\u4ee5\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u7763\u70ba\u4e2d\u4fdd\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6703\u63a1\u53d6\u9019\u500b\u614b\u5ea6\uff1b\u9019\u8207\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u56e0\u8457\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u8d66\u514d\u800c\u6399\u624e\u534a\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6551\u6069\u8ad6\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u53c8\u4ee5\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff1b\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5247\u52aa\u529b\u8981\u628a\u6574\u500b\u53d7\u9020\u754c\u7f6e\u65bc\u795e\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u9019\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b26\u5408\u8056\u7d93\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8f15\u6b64\u91cd\u5f7c\u7684\u9677\u9631\u3002\u4ee5\u795e\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6559\u8a13\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u597d\u5e7e\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe30<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u8b58\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u795e\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u4e4b\u4eae\u5149\u4e0b\u7372\u5f97\u3002\u5c0d\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u795e\u7684\u9748\u53ca\u795e\u7684\u9053\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u795e\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u5a01\u69ae\u548c\u8056\u6f54\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u8ab0\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u4ea6\u7531\u6b64\u8a8d\u8b58\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f6a\u548e\uff0c\u548c\u5b83\u600e\u6a23\u4fb5\u8755\u6211\u5011\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Augustinianism\uff09*\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6b63\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0d\u4eba\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8a55\u50f9\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u770b\u4eba\u70ba\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\uff0c\u5c0d\u795e\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u53c8\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u795e\u7684\u4eae\u5149\u4e0b\u8a8d\u8b58\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6211\u5011\u90a3\u7a2e\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u758f\u96e2\u611f\u4ea6\u56e0\u795e\u7684\u5049\u5927\u800c\u51f8\u986f\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\uff08Image of God\uff09*\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u6551\u6069\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u795e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u8457\u7f6a\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u5728\u795e\u7684\u5b9a\u7f6a\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u529b\u6539\u8b8a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6216\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u8cab\u5fb9\u5730\u652f\u6301\u795e\u662f\u7368\u81ea\u53c8\u5168\u6b0a\u5730\u6210\u5c31\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5728\u795e\u6c38\u6046\u7684\u65e8\u610f\uff0c\u7942\u5728\u5275\u4e16\u4ee5\u524d\u4fbf\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5167\u63c0\u9078\u7942\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\uff08\u5f17\u4e004\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u689d\u4ef6\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u5730\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u770b\u6cd5\u4e26\u975e\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u5b88\u4eba\u4e4b\u88ab\u4e1f\u68c4\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u795e\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u9019\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1b\u6545\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\uff08Incarnation\uff09*\u53ca\u8d16\u7f6a\uff08Atonement\uff09*\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u628a\u7942\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\u5f9e\u7f6a\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u7942\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8d16\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u6216\u6703\u5f15\u5230\u666e\u6551\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Universalism\uff09*\uff1b\u5f8c\u8005\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6559\u6703\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u5408\u8056\u7d93\u6559\u5c0e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u540c\u6a23\u5730\uff0c\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5b83\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u5c31\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6703\u4f7f\u6551\u8d16\u5de5\u4f5c\u67b6\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u8981\u8996\u4e4e\u4eba\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u7763\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e43\u8981\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u70ba\u7942\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u6c11\u4f5c\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8d16\u7f6a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u53c3\u8d16\u7f6a\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0cAtonement, Extent of*\uff09\u3002\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u8056\u9748\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ef\u6297\u62d2\u7684\u5927\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u90a3\u88e1\u3002\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u7136\u90fd\u6b7b\u5728\u7f6a\u60e1\u904e\u72af\u4e2d\uff08\u5f17\u4e8c1\uff09\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u76f8\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\uff0c\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u5207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff09\u4fbf\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u795e\u7684\u6069\u8cdc\u3002\u8056\u9748\u4e0d\u50c5\u628a\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fdd\u5b88\u6211\u5011\u4f4f\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u4e4b\u5167\u3002\u6574\u500b\u6210\u8056\uff08Sanctification\uff09*\u548c\u5805\u5b88\uff08Perseverance\uff09*\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u5747\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u9023\u9019\u7a2e\u4fe1\u5fc3\u90fd\u662f\u8056\u9748\u7684\u6069\u8cdc\u3002\u6545\u6b64\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u5728\u591a\u7279\uff08Dort\uff09\u6703\u8b70\u7aed\u529b\u5805\u6301\uff0c\u8499\u63c0\u9078\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u6703\u5f9e\u6069\u5178\u58ae\u843d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6700\u7d42\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u6551\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\u4eba\u6703\u7528TULIP\uff08\u5b57\u5178\u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u9b31\u91d1\u9999\u300d\uff09\u4e00\u8a5e\u4f86\u7e3d\u62ec\u591a\u7279\u6b63\u5178\u548c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0cT\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6557\u58de\u300d\uff08Total depravity\uff09\uff1bU\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u63c0\u9078\u300d\uff08Unconditional election\uff09\uff1bL\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8d16\u7f6a\u300d\uff08Limited atonement\uff09\uff1bI\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6297\u62d2\u7684\u6069\u5178\u300d\uff08Irresistible grace\uff09\uff1bP\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u5805\u5b88\u300d\uff08Perseverance\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u5e45\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5716\u756b\uff0c\u628a\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u53ca\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5168\u89c0\u5716\u7d04\u5316\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u4e2d\u6c23\u52e2\u78c5\u7921\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.\u6574\u500b\u500b\u4eba\u53ca\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u751f\u547d\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7\u795e\u7684\u7ba1\u6cbb\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4e00\u76f4\u6309\u8457\u795e\u5728\u8056\u7d93\u660e\u5217\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4f86\u7d44\u7e54\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u81ea\u5f9e\u5728\u8607\u9ece\u4e16\u3001\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u53ca\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u81f4\u529b\u4f7f\u6c11\u751f\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u90fd\u6309\u9019\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f86\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u53c8\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6383\u9664\u6587\u76f2\u53ca\u5321\u52a9\u4e86\u6cd5\u570b\u3001\u8377\u862d\u3001\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u3001\u8607\u683c\u862d\uff0c\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002\u76f8\u61c9\u5730\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u6bd4\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u66f4\u91cd\u8996\u6210\u8056\u53ca\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff08Law\uff09*\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u66f4\u91cd\u8996\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5b83\u5f8c\u4f86\u4ea6\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u53d7\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u7562\u7adf\u6bd4\u66f4\u6b63\u6559\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u6d3e\u66f4\u91cd\u8996\u7fa4\u9ad4\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u76df\u7d04\uff08Covenant\uff09*\u795e\u5b78\u5728\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4ea6\u767c\u63ee\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u96d6\u7136\u6069\u5178\u4e4b\u7d04\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u6709\u83ab\u5927\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u537b\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u770b\u91cd\u795e\u8207\u4e9e\u7576\u662f\u5728\u58ae\u843d\u524d\u7acb\u7d04\u9019\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1b\u81ea1600\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u7d04\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6c11\u751f\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u8981\u5c0d\u795e\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u6839\u64da\u5247\u662f\u6c38\u6046\u53ca\u666e\u4e16\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5275\u9020\u4e4b\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u3001\u7d04\u7ff0\uff0e\u8afe\u514b\u65af\uff08J. Knox\uff09*\u548c\u6851\u8a72\u65af\uff08Zanchius, 1516\uff5e90\uff09\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5747\u628a\u57fa\u7763\u7f6e\u65bc\u842c\u7269\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6307\u51fa\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u8b58\u795e\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u662f\u63c0\u9078\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u53ca\u5ba2\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u56e0\u70ba\u795e\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6027\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u4fbf\u6210\u4e86\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u7d93\u9662\u54f2\u5b78\u90a3\u7a2e\u6b7b\u677f\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u6f14\u7e79\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u76df\u7d04\u795e\u5b78\u90a3\u7a2e\u4e0d\u65b7\u904b\u7528\u76df\u7d04\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u53c3\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u5728\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u5167\u5360\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u7aed\u529b\u56de\u5fa9\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u8ad6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5df4\u7279\uff08K. Barth\uff09*\u70ba\u8457\u3002\u6b64\u7b49\u795e\u5b78\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u529f\u52de\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u559a\u9192\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u96e2\u958b\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u50be\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u591a\u5143\u6027\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u5143\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u651d\u6027\u5f37\u7684\u5171\u8b58\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u529b\u53bb\u5bb9\u7d0d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u5c0d\u6709\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u9019\u601d\u60f3\u9817\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u5728\u9019\u9ede\u4e0a\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u8d77\u78bc\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u542b\u7cca\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f03\u50be\u5411\u8d16\u7f6a\u662f\u70ba\u842c\u4eba\u9810\u5099\u9019\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7e7c\u627f\u4eba\u4f2f\u6492\u5247\u53cd\u5c0d\u7576\u6642\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\ufe30\u300c\uff08\u795e\u7684\u8d16\u7f6a\uff09\u70ba\u842c\u4eba\u9810\u5099\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u5c0d\u8499\u63c0\u9078\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u6548\u300d\uff08sufficient for all, efficient for the elect\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u5c31\u770b\u8f15\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u5f37\u8abf\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u591a\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u59a5\u5354\u7684\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u4f01\u5716\u8abf\u548c\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u4ee3\u8868\u90a3\u7a2e\u666e\u4e16\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u548c\u5360\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u8207\u6703\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u50be\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u76df\u7d04\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4ea6\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u591a\u5143\u6027\u3002\u81ea\u6148\u904b\u7406\u8d77\uff0c\u6b77\u7d93\u57c3\u79d1\u862d\u5df4\u72c4\uff08Oecolampadius\uff09*\u3001\u5e03\u9748\u723e\u3001\u9114\u65b0\u52aa\uff08Zacharius Ursinus, 1534\uff5e83\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u4fc4\u52d2\u7dad\u5b89\u5974\uff08Kaspar Olevianus, 1536\uff5e87\uff09\uff1b\u6574\u500b\u76df\u7d04\u795e\u5b78\u5230\u76e7\u6d1b\u514b\uff08Robert Rollock, 1555\uff5e99\uff09\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u800c\u79d1\u514b\u7531\uff08Johannes Cocceius, 1603\uff5e69\uff09\u5247\u5c07\u4e4b\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u767c\u63ee\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u7a2e\u795e\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5be6\u5728\u5982\u65e5\u4e2d\u5929\uff0c\u4f46\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u537b\u4e26\u975e\u90fd\u4ee5\u76df\u7d04\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u7d44\u7e54\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\u57281600\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u5c24\u70ba\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6069\u5178\u4e4b\u7d04\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5012\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u898b\ufe30\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u795e\u55ae\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u65bd\u884c\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u96d9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u7576\u5c65\u884c\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\uff1f
\u5927\u591a\u6578\u65e9\u671f\u4e4b\u76df\u7d04\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ea\u8b1b\u4e00\u7a2e\u76df\u7d04\uff0c\u5373\u6069\u5178\u4e4b\u7d04\uff1b\u5f8c\u4f86\u5c31\u6709\u4eba\u8ac7\u5230\u58ae\u843d\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u7d04\uff1b\u81ea1648\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u76df\u7d04\u4ea6\u8208\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u8ddf\u96a8\u8005\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u656c\u8654\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b0\u3001\u820a\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u7684\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\uff08Puritanism\uff09*\u6bd4\u8f03\u50be\u5411\u5be6\u969b\u884c\u52d5\uff08Praxis\uff09*\u3001\u6210\u8056\u53ca\u7267\u990a\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5c31\u50be\u5411\u4ee5\u4eba\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4ea6\u898b\u65bc\u8377\u862d\u53ca\u8607\u683c\u862d\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u8207\u65e9\u671f\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u8207\u7d93\u9662\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u66f4\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6b64\u7a2e\u591a\u5143\u6027\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4e9e\u7c73\u7d10\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Arminianism\uff09*\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u88ab\u591a\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u6240\u7981\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u628a\u6551\u6069\u4e2d\u795e\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6027\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
——————————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u548c\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u767c\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u518d\u5ea6\u5fa9\u8208\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u7531\u8cc0\u667a\uff08C. Hodge\uff09*\u3001\u5176\u5b50\u963f\u57fa\u6ce2\u7279\uff0e\u8cc0\u667a\uff08A. A. Hodge, 1823\uff5e86\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u83ef\u83f2\u5fb7\uff08B. B. Warfield\uff09*\u5e36\u9818\u7684\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u795e\u5b78\uff08Princeton Theology\uff09*\u540d\u91cd\u4e00\u6642\u3002\u5728\u8377\u862d\uff0c\u8a72\u67cf\u723e\uff08A. Kuyper\uff09*\u548c\u8d6b\u66fc\uff0e\u5df4\u6587\u514b\uff08H. Bavinck\uff09*\u4ea6\u6df1\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002\u8a72\u67cf\u723e\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5e36\u9032\u516c\u773e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u8fa6\u4e00\u9593\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u4e00\u4efd\u65e5\u5831\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u653f\u9ee8\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u9084\u505a\u4e86\u9996\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u53cd\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u898b\u65bc\u300a\u6559\u6703\u6559\u7fa9\u5b78\u300b\uff08CD\uff09\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9801\uff1b\u4ed6\u5fb9\u5e95\u53cd\u5c0d\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u64c1\u62b1\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u5f9e\u672a\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u64fa\u812b\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Existentialism\uff09*\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\u8a3b\u91cb\u300b\uff08Romans\uff09\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u9817\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u65b0\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\u59a5\u5354\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u767c\u8a00\u4eba\u6709\u675c\u723e\u7dad\uff08H. Dooyeweerd\uff09*\uff0c\u548c\u5617\u8a66\u628a\u795e\u5b78\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u591a\u502b\u65af\uff08T. F. Torrance\uff09*\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u9817\u80fd\u986f\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u53ca\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u5c07\u4f86\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff1b\u5982\u83ef\u83f2\u5fb7\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5c07\u4f86\u8207\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u662f\u812b\u4e0d\u4e86\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u8cab\u5fb9\u7684\u4ee5\u795e\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8ad6\u3001\u5168\u5099\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u5c45\u9996\u4f4d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5be6\u8db3\u4ee5\u986f\u51fa\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u5c0d\u798f\u97f3\u4f5c\u904e\u4e00\u756a\u900f\u5fb9\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u8003\uff1b\u5b83\u670d\u81ba\u300c\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5c0b\u627e\u4e86\u89e3\u300d\u3014’faith seeking understanding’\uff1b\u53c3\u5b89\u745f\u502b\uff08Anselm\uff09*\u3015\uff0c\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u6574\u5408\u5275\u9020\u8ad6\u548c\u6551\u8d16\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u5c07\u4f86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u7576\u6559\u6703\u737b\u4e0a\u79b1\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u7e31\u4f7f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u884c\u52d5\u6709\u6642\u6703\u5426\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
——————————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53e6\u53c3\ufe30\u5df4\u7279(Barth, Karl)\uff1b\u52a0\u723e\u6587(Calvin, John)\uff1b\u591a\u502b\u65af(Torrance, T. F.)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J. W. Baker, Heinrich Bullinger and the Covenant:the Other Reformed Tradition(Athens, OH, 1980); J. W. Beardslee(ed.), Reformed Dogmatics(New York, 1965); W. R. Godfrey, Tensions within International Calvinism: the Debate on the Atonement at the Synod of Dort, 1618\uff5e1619(\u54f2\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0cStanford University, 1974); B. Hall, ‘Calvin against the Calvinists’, in G. E. Duffield(ed.), John Calvin(Appleford, Abingdon, 1966); H. Heppe(ed.), Reformed Dogmatics: Set Out and Illustrated from the Sources(London, 1950); J. T. McNeill, The History and Characterof Calvinism(New York, 1954); B. B. Warfield, ‘Calvinism’, in Calvin and Augustine(Philadelphia, 1974); H. E. Weber, Reformation, orthodoxie und Rationalismus, Teil 2(Gu\/tersloh, 1937).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u672c\u6587\u7bc0\u9304\u81ea\u300a\u7576\u4ee3\u795e\u5b78\u8fad\u5178\u300b\uff08New Dictionary of Theology\uff09\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6821\u5712\u66f8\u623f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002
\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u4e3b\u7de8\ufe30\u694a\u7267\u8c37
\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u6821\u8a02\ufe30\u9673\u6fdf\u6c11\u5eb7\u4f86\u660c
\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u4e3b\u7de8\ufe30S. B. FergusonD. F. Wright
\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u6821\u8a02\ufe30J. I. Packer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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