{"id":150,"date":"2006-06-29T20:03:09","date_gmt":"2006-06-30T02:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.allenchow.com\/?p=150"},"modified":"2024-05-12T20:03:19","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T02:03:19","slug":"%e6%95%99%e6%9c%83%e4%ba%8c%e5%8d%83%e5%b9%b4%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2%e9%80%9f%e5%af%ab-%e4%bd%9c%e8%80%85%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%99%e9%81%94%e5%bf%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.allenchow.com\/?p=150","title":{"rendered":"\u6559\u6703\u4e8c\u5343\u5e74\u6b77\u53f2\u901f\u5beb (\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u4f59\u9054\u5fc3)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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         \u5728\u6211\u5011\u6bd4\u8f03\u6df1\u5165\u53bb\u8ac7\u8ad6\u6559\u6703\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u56f0\u96e3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u6982\u7565\u5730\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5343\u5e74\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8f2a\u5ed3\u52fe\u5283\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u597d\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u6709\u4e00\u5e45\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5716\u756b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u7232\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u662f\u521d\u671f\u6559\u6703\u53f2\uff0c\u7531\u57fa\u7763\u53ca\u4f7f\u5f92\u5efa\u7acb\u6559\u6703\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u5e74\u3002\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ee5\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u4f5c\u521d\u671f\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u7684\u5b8c\u7d50\uff0c\u4e43\u56e0\u6559\u6703\u4e8e\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5f62\u52e2\u3002\u81ea\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u897f\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u5df2\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u897f\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u6f38\u8da8\u5168\u9762\u5d29\u6f70\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u90a3\u88cf\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5374\u65e5\u76ca\u58ef\u5927\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u7232\u666e\u4e16\u6559\u6703\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u3002\u4f7f\u897f\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u6559\u6703\u8208\u76db\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\u4e43\u5927\u8cb4\u683c\u5229\uff08\u6216\u4f5c\u8cb4\u683c\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\uff0cGregory the Great, \u7d04540-604 A.D.\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u8996\u7232\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u6559\u7236\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u7687\uff0c\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u958b\u5c71\u7956\u5e2b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u591a\u6578\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u4ee5\u8cb4\u683c\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\u767b\u57fa\u4f5c\u6559\u7687\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\u7232\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u8208\u8d77\u7684\u8087\u59cb\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u9019\u7de3\u6545\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u7684\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u4fbf\u662f\u7531\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e94\u767e\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\uff08\u5373\u8cb4\u683c\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\u5373\u4f4d\u90a3\u5e74\uff09\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e00\u4e94\u4e00\u4e03\u5e74\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u767c\u52d5\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u7232\u6b62\u3002\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a31\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u7232\u4e2d\u53e4\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4fbf\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u53f2\uff0c\u7531\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u6bcf\u4e00\u6bb5\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u5b83\u6642\u4ee3\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u7368\u7279\u7684\u554f\u984c\u8207\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5176\u7368\u7279\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u770b\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u521d\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6210\u5e7e\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u7576\u4f7f\u5f92\u5011\u4e00\u500b\u63a5\u4e00\u500b\u96e2\u4e16\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4fbf\u9032\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u3002\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u4f7f\u5f92\u5c6c\u9748\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u7d14\u6b63\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ca\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u898b\u8b49\uff1f\u9019\u662f\u6559\u6703\u7576\u6642\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5118\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559\u4f7f\u5f92\u5728\u4e16\u6642\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u8207\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5c6c\u9748\u9818\u8896\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u5805\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6211\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u7a31\u9019\u6642\u671f\u7232”\u5f8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u6642\u671f”\u3002\u9019\u6642\u671f\u5927\u6982\u5f9e\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u81f3\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u958b\u59cb\u7523\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u8d77\u521d\u4f7f\u5f92\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u627f\u53d7\u4f7f\u547d\u53bb\u898b\u8b49\u3001\u50b3\u905e\u7942\u7684\u5553\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0d\u4e8e\u6559\u6703\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u53bb\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4fbf\u5f97\u4f9d\u64da\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u6559\u6703\u666e\u904d\u516c\u8a8d\u7684\u6587\u737b\u53ca\u4fe1\u689d\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u7232\u4fe1\u5f92\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u3002\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6b63\u5178\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\u958b\u59cb\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff1b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u4fe1\u7d93\uff08\u5982\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fe1\u7d93\uff09\u4e5f\u7d1b\u7d1b\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u8868\u9054\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u55ae\u7d14\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6df1\u5967\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u95e1\u91cb\uff0c\u5e77\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u8457\u91cd\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u6642\u671f\u4e5f\u662f\u6559\u6703\u7d93\u6b77\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u903c\u8feb\uff0c\u5374\u53c8\u64f4\u5c55\u975e\u5e38\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002\u6559\u6703\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u90fd\u82b1\u5728\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u4e0a\uff1b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u9084\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u5f02\u7aef\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4ecd\u672a\u592a\u7316\u7357\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u9019\u6642\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u57fa\u5c64\u7684\u3002\u9019\u6642\u671f\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a31\u4e4b\u7232”\u5f8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u6642\u4ee3”\uff08Post-Apostolic Age\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u63a5\u8457\u4fbf\u662f”\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u524d\u6642\u671f”\uff08Ante-Nicene Age\uff09\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u7531\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u81f3\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e09\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u7232\u6b62\u3002\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u7121\u8ad6\u5728\u5167\u6182\u548c\u5916\u60a3\u4e0a\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u90fd\u7d93\u6b77\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u5916\u60a3\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u6703\u63a5\u4e8c\u9023\u4e09\u7684\u53d7\u5230\u570b\u5bb6\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u903c\u8feb\uff0c\u800c\u7570\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u554f\u96e3\u8207\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u5167\u6182\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u6703\u5167\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8868\u9054\u4ee5\u53ca\u7570\u7aef\u4e5f\u591a\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9019\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4e0d\u55ae\u8981\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u7533\u8faf\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u5c0d\u61c9\u6575\u57fa\u7763\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u8981\u7232\u7d14\u6b63\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u722d\u8faf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u671f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6b63\u7d71\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ca\u8b77\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u56b4\u5bc6\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u4e5f\u6162\u6162\u8c50\u5bcc\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u6559\u6703\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4f4e\u4e0b\u5c64\u6240\u7368\u5360\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5df2\u6f38\u6f38\u6ef2\u5165\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0a\u5c64\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u968e\u5c64\u76f8\u8655\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6559\u6703\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        “\u524d\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6642\u671f”\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4fbf\u662f”\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6642\u4ee3”\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u6642\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u56e0\u8457\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5927\u5e1d\u7684\u6b78\u4fe1\uff0c\u5df2\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u7232\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u570b\u6559\u3002\u903c\u8feb\u7684\u6182\u616e\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u5374\u6d6e\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u6559\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u8da8\u4e8e\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u3002\u7232\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u53d7\u9019\u7a2e\u8da8\u5411\u7684\u6557\u58de\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u4fe1\u5f92\u9000\u5230\u8352\u6f20\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f01\u5716\u900f\u904e\u5728\u7368\u8655\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u975c\u8207\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u64cd\u7df4\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u4fbf\u662f\u9019\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002\u9019\u6642\u4ee3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u8272\u662f\u795e\u5b78\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u666e\u904d\u3002\u7232\u4e86\u8981\u6392\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u5b78\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5c31\u5f97\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u53ec\u958b\u5927\u516c\u6703\u8b70\u3002\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u4e5f\u56e0\u9019\u4e9b\u722d\u8ad6\u548c\u6703\u8b70\u6f38\u8da8\u56b4\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u9032\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u4e0d\u65b7\u840e\u7e2e\uff0c\u883b\u65cf\u7d93\u5e38\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u8ecd\u7adf\u7121\u529b\u62b5\u79a6\u3002\u4e3b\u5f8c\u56db\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u54e5\u7279\u4eba\u653b\u5165\u7f85\u99ac\u57ce\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u500b\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u8209\u570b\u9707\u9a5a\u3002\u7576\u6642\u4fbf\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u8a8d\u7232\u9019\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u4ea1\u570b\u7684\u5148\u5146\uff0c\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u4eba\u80cc\u5f03\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5929\u795e\u6240\u62db\u81f4\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u4e3b\u5f8c\u56db\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u883b\u65cf\u518d\u653b\u5165\u7f85\u99ac\u57ce\uff0c\u56db\u8655\u6436\u63a0\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u82e6\u82e6\u592e\u6c42\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u8981\u711a\u57ce\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u7f85\u99ac\u57ce\u4fbf\u4ed8\u4e4b\u4e00\u70ac\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u9806\u4fbf\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u5df2\u4e0d\u5728\u7f85\u99ac\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5c0f\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u65c1\u908a\u7684\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\u3002\u81ea\u5f9e\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e09\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u9077\u90fd\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u4fbf\u5f9e\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5411\u6771\u9077\u79fb\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u9020\u6210\u610f\u5927\u5229\u53ca\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4ee5\u897f\u7684\u570b\u5883\u7a7a\u865b\u3002\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u968a\u883b\u65cf\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u653b\u57ce\u52ab\u63a0\uff0c\u4f86\u53bb\u81ea\u5982\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u56e0\u7121\u6687\u897f\u9867\uff0c\u7adf\u4efb\u7531\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u897f\u908a\u81ea\u751f\u81ea\u6ec5\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u4fbf\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u7232\u897f\u908a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u883b\u65cf\u5165\u4fb5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u53ca\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u6c11\u91cd\u5efa\u5bb6\u5712\u7684\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u3002\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u6f38\u6f38\u58ef\u5927\u3002\u5728\u6771\u908a\uff0c\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u4e00\u76f4\u6c92\u6709\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7cfe\u7d1b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u53c8\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u751f\u6d3b\u5df2\u6f38\u6f38\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u6d3b\u6f51\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u5f8c\u516d\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u56de\u6559\u7a81\u7136\u8208\u8d77\u3002\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u5728\u4e3b\u5f8c\u516d\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\u653b\u5165\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5230\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u53d9\u5229\u4e9e\u4e5f\u9677\u5165\u4ed6\u5011\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u5167\uff0c\u6771\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u7248\u5716\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u624b\u88cf\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u6703\u5374\u9000\u7e2e\u5230\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\u9644\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e36\u7684\u5c0f\u5c0f\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u53ef\u7b97\u640d\u5931\u6158\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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          \u7531\u4e8e\u6771\u908a\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5927\u5927\u7684\u840e\u7e2e\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u4fbf\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u7232\u5927\u516c\u6559\u6703\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u56e0\u5176\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u7232\u6b50\u6d32\u6240\u6709\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6bcd\u6703\uff0c\u53d7\u5979\u7684\u7267\u990a\u8207\u7ba1\u8f44\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4fbf\u65e5\u76ca\u58ef\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u5ea6\u6975\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u6771\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7adf\u626e\u6f14\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7126\u9ede\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u6559\u7687\u7684\u52e2\u529b\u65e5\u76ca\u58ef\u5927\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u65e5\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u53ca\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u8150\u6557\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u8cb4\u65cf\u7d93\u5e38\u63a7\u5236\u6559\u7687\u7684\u63a8\u9078\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fb7\u6027\u6557\u58de\u7684\u4eba\u7adf\u4e5f\u7576\u8d77\u6559\u7687\u4f86\u3002\u5f9e\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e5d\u767e\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6559\u7687\u7684\u5a01\u671b\u4e00\u843d\u5343\u4e08\uff0c\u5e7e\u7d93\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u626d\u8f49\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u7684\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u7684\u4e5f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4e3b\u6559\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6578\u500b\u6559\u5340\u800c\u5f9e\u4f86\u4e0d\u8ca0\u7267\u990a\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u4e0d\u55ae\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7adf\u5c07\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5229\u53ef\u5716\u7684\u8056\u8077\u552e\u8ce3\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8056\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u751f\u6d3b\u6557\u58de\u975e\u5e38\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7267\u990a\u548c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8ff7\u4fe1\u6ef2\u5165\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff1b\u6709\u6642\u8056\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u66f4\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u8ff7\u4fe1\u9b5a\u8089\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u5982\u9812\u5e03\u3001\u552e\u8ce3\u8d16\u7f6a\u5238\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u5728\u795e\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7d93\u9662\u5b78\u6d3e\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u53cd\u7701\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u4fd8\u865c\u3002\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u5f80\u5f80\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u5c0d\u795e\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u8046\u807d\u8207\u95e1\u91cb\uff0c\u795e\u7684\u9053\u88ab\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u5957\u4e00\u5957\u62bd\u8c61\u7384\u5967\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u8207\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7d93\u6b77\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u53bb\u4e0d\u77e5\u5343\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u5728\u9019\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0a\u81f3\u6559\u7687\uff0c\u4e0b\u81f3\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u90fd\u89ba\u5f97\u6559\u6703\u6025\u9700\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u77e5\u5f9e\u4f55\u8457\u624b\u3002\u5076\u723e\u6709\u5e7e\u8072\u66e0\u91ce\u7684\u547c\u558a\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u8d77\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u86fb\u8b8a\u5df2\u7531\u6f38\u8b8a\u800c\u8f49\u901f\uff0c\u6025\u5287\u8b8a\u9769\u5df2\u5982\u7bad\u5728\u5f26\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u5207\u689d\u4ef6\u5c31\u7dd2\uff0c\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u65bc\u4e00\u4e94\u4e00\u4e03\u5e74\u767c\u52d5\u7684\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u4fbf\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u5c0d\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f5c\u51fa\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6aa2\u8a0e\u3001\u6279\u5224\u8207\u6539\u9769\u3002\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u5982\u661f\u706b\u71ce\u539f\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u8fc5\u901f\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u745e\u58eb\u3001\u6cd5\u570b\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u56e0\u4ea8\u5229\u516b\u4e16\u672a\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u6559\u7687\u6279\u51c6\u4ed6\u8207\u7687\u540e\u96e2\u5a5a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8207\u6559\u5ef7\u51b3\u88c2\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u7684\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u7523\u751f\u4e86\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u7684\u6559\u6703\uff1b\u5728\u745e\u58eb\uff0c\u56e0\u6148\u904b\u7406\uff08Zwingli Ulrich Huldrych, 1484-1531 A.D.\uff09\u53ca\u52a0\u723e\u6587(John Calvin, 1509-1564 A.D.)\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u6539\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u7523\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u6559\u6703\uff1b\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u5c31\u7523\u751f\u4e86\u8056\u516c\u6703\u3002\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u8207\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5340\u7523\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e39\u9ea5\u3001\u745e\u5178\u3001\u632a\u5a01\u53d7\u4fe1\u7fa9\u5b97\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u6975\u6df1\uff0c\u800c\u8607\u683c\u862d\u3001\u8377\u862d\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u5247\u53d7\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8f03\u6df1\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9858\u63a5\u53d7\u8056\u516c\u6703\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u5728\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u9060\u6e21\u91cd\u6d0b\u5230\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u5c0b\u6c42\u6559\u6703\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u7acb\u570b\u7684\u5148\u7956\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u90fd\u53d7\u6539\u9769\u5b97\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u6975\u6df1\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u53ca\u6ce2\u862d\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u56e0\u8457\u5404\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\u800c\u7bc0\u7bc0\u5931\u5229\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4f9d\u7136\u5f88\u7262\u56fa\u5730\u5805\u7acb\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4fbf\u5448\u73fe\u5206\u88c2\u4e4b\u52e2\uff1b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8207\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u4e09\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u5f7c\u6b64\u6575\u8996\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\u56e0\u8457\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8868\u9054\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\u53ca\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u8001\u6b7b\u4e0d\u76f8\u5f80\u4f86\u7684\u60c5\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u5728\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u65b9\u9762\u5c07\u7cbe\u529b\u50be\u6ce8\u65bc\u50b3\u6559\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u3001\u4e9e\u6d32\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u5374\u7cfe\u7e8f\u4e8e\u5b97\u6d3e\u9593\u6216\u5b97\u6d3e\u5167\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u722d\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u4e0d\u5c11\u7cbe\u529b\u865b\u8017\uff0c\u5728\u50b3\u6559\u65b9\u9762\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4ea4\u4e86\u767d\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u6b63\u767c\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6f38\u6f38\u62ac\u982d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e5f\u76f8\u61c9\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u5553\u8499\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u958b\u59cb\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c0\uff0c\u8a8d\u7232\u5b87\u5b99\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u88cf\u9762\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u8003\u9a57\uff1b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u7232\u4e86\u61c9\u4ed8\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u7adf\u524a\u8db3\u9069\u5c65\u5730\u5c07\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u59a5\u5354\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7523\u751f\u6240\u8b02\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u795e\u5b78\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u6587\u660e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u7a7a\u524d\u672a\u6709\u7684\u3002\u9019\u5374\u5e36\u4f86\u897f\u65b9\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7a7a\u865b\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u6703\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u611f\u53d7\u7269\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u6559\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u7136\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5341\u516b\u3001\u5341\u4e5d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\u5374\u662f\u6559\u6703\u5fa9\u8208\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002\u81ea\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u5fa9\u8208\u7684\u706b\u7130\u7531\u82f1\u570b\u71c3\u71d2\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u9019\u80a1\u5fa9\u8208\u7684\u706b\u8207\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u6559\u7684\u71b1\u5ff1\u76f8\u8f14\u76f8\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e8c\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u6559\u6703\u7684\u589e\u9577\u4e5f\u662f\u7a7a\u524d\u672a\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u9762\u5c0d\u8457\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u5171\u7523\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u7269\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7bc0\u7bc0\u6557\u9000\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002\u5171\u7523\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u516d\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u5167\u5e2d\u6372\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u6559\u6703\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u65b7\u840e\u7e2e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u771f\u662f\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u7a2e\u7a2e\u72c2\u6f6e\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u4e0b\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5374\u4e0d\u55ae\u6c92\u6709\u9000\u7e2e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6709\u64f4\u5c55\u4e4b\u52e2\u3002\u5728\u4e3b\u5f8c\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u4e8c\u5e74\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4ecd\u5360\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u56db\u5341\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u6703\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u589e\u9577\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u64a4\u9000\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u571f\u6559\u6703\u8208\u8d77\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5728\u8ca0\u8d77\u81ea\u6cbb\u3001\u81ea\u990a\u3001\u81ea\u50b3\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u6975\u5176\u8fc5\u901f\u3002\u800c\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u4e5f\u5f9e\u4ee5\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u7232\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0\u8f49\u5411\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u95e1\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u5f9e\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5c0b\u6c42\u666e\u4e16\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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         \u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u7232\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6559\u6703\u6700\u5927\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6703\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u4e9e\u6d32\uff1b\u5728\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u5728\u8d77\u6b65\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u9ebd\u5ee3\u5927\u7684\u79be\u7530\uff0c\u4e9e\u6d32\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u771f\u662f\u91cd\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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